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汽車隨車起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)

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00330-汽車隨車起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)
摘要
6.3噸隨車起重機(jī)屬于架型起重機(jī)，它將起重和運(yùn)輸相結(jié)合，不僅節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力，而且極大的減小了工作強(qiáng)度、提高了工作效率。本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)在6.3噸隨車起重機(jī)上首次采用了伸縮臂型結(jié)構(gòu)，并對(duì)起重機(jī)臂進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。它具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、易于操作的特點(diǎn)，可廣泛用于交通運(yùn)輸、港口、倉(cāng)庫(kù)、以及所有中小型工業(yè)貨物裝卸與遠(yuǎn)距離運(yùn)輸之中。
本文主要內(nèi)容如下：
起升機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 起升機(jī)構(gòu)包括液壓馬達(dá)、減速機(jī)、棘輪停止器和卷筒。減速機(jī)用來(lái)降低液壓馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng)速度，卷筒用于繞進(jìn)或放出鋼絲繩。機(jī)構(gòu)工作時(shí)，液壓馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng)減速機(jī)，減速機(jī)的低速軸帶動(dòng)卷筒，將鋼絲繩卷上或放出，經(jīng)過(guò)滑輪組系統(tǒng)使載荷實(shí)現(xiàn)上升或下降，其升降由馬達(dá)的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向而定，通過(guò)棘輪停止器實(shí)現(xiàn)制動(dòng)。
起重臂設(shè)計(jì) 起重臂采用伸縮式、箱形結(jié)構(gòu)。箱形結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)裝有伸縮油缸，臂的每個(gè)外節(jié)段內(nèi)裝有滑塊支座，因此起重機(jī)的變幅可通過(guò)液壓缸實(shí)現(xiàn)。為了減輕吊臂自重，充分發(fā)揮鋼材的作用，吊臂的不同部位采用不同強(qiáng)度的鋼材。
回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)由回轉(zhuǎn)支承裝置和回轉(zhuǎn)驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置組成。即一對(duì)脂潤(rùn)滑的回轉(zhuǎn)支承裝置、蝸輪旋桿減速機(jī)和液壓馬達(dá)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)自重輕、受力合理、運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)，可以使機(jī)構(gòu)在水平面內(nèi)運(yùn)輸貨物。

[關(guān)鍵詞]: 隨車起重機(jī);起升機(jī)構(gòu);起重臂;回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu);回轉(zhuǎn)支承

Abstract

6.3Truck Mounted Crane (abbreviation TMC) belongs to boom-Crane .It combines the advantages .So it can greatly decrease labor intensity, increase working I use flexible boom in TMC for the first time and have a optimization design. This product has features of compact structure, easy operation. It is suitable for wide use in traffic transportantion,dock warehouse and all small-sized industries for goods loading loading and unloading and long distance transportation. Its main content includes the following aspects:
The design for winch mechanism The winch mechanism consists of hydraulic motor, reducer, ratchet wheel stop and winch drum.Reducer lowers the speed of hydraulic motor for driving the winch drum to wind or unwind the load hoisting wire rope. When working, the motor drives reducer and bring along winch drum rotation, then the wire rope is wound or unwound ,the load will be lift or lowered through pulley block system. Lifting or lowering of the load will be controlled by the rotation direction of the motor. Ratchet wheel stop is used to stop the motion of the drum, holding the load in the air.
The design of boom The boom adopts flexible type and box-shaped structure.Cylinder bodies are fitted on the boom. There are slide supports at outsides of every section of booms. The working range of TMC can outsides of every are fitted on the boom.There are slide supports at outsides of every section of booms. The working range of TMC can be realized by the extension or retraction of cylinder body. It uses different steel products in different positions for decrcasing boom’s weight and fully developing steel products’ function.
The design of swing mechanism Swing mechanism contains swing bearing and swing driver, the same is, no-oil lubricated bearings, worm-and-wheel steering gear and gydraulic motor. This structure has the advantages of light weight, reliable force on it and smooth action. It can make the load transported in the horizontal plane.
Key words TruckMounted Crane ；winch mechanism；Boom ；swing mechanism；Swing bearing

目錄

1 起升機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………1
1.1 起升機(jī)構(gòu)的基本參數(shù)計(jì)算…………………………………………1
1.1.1傳動(dòng)方案 ……………………………………………………1
1.1.2基本參數(shù)的計(jì)算 ……………………………………………1
1.2 鋼絲繩的設(shè)計(jì)與選用 ……………………………………………3
1.3 滑輪及滑輪組設(shè)計(jì) ………………………………………………4
1.3.1 選材與材料…………………………………………………4
1.3.2 滑輪直徑D …………………………………………………5
1.3.3 繩最大偏角…………………………………………………5
1.3.4 滑輪軸設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………5
1.3.5 滑輪軸承的設(shè)計(jì)與校核……………………………………6
1.4 吊鉤的設(shè)計(jì)與選用 ………………………………………………6
1.4.1 選材…………………………………………………………6
1.4.2 構(gòu)造…………………………………………………………6
1.4.3 吊鉤掛架……………………………………………………6
1.4.4 橫梁…………………………………………………………6
1.5 卷筒設(shè)計(jì) …………………………………………………………7
1.5.1 名義直徑……………………………………………………7
1.5.2 卷筒的長(zhǎng)度…………………………………………………7
1.5.3 卷筒厚度……………………………………………………8
1.5.4 卷筒強(qiáng)度校核………………………………………………8
1.6 減速器設(shè)計(jì) ………………………………………………………8
1.6.1 總傳動(dòng)比及其分配…………………………………………8
1.6.2 傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)計(jì)算…………………………………8
1.6.3 齒輪設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………9
1.6.4 棘輪設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………15
1.6.5 軸的設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………16
2 起重臂的設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………25
2.1 三鉸點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………25
2.2 起重臂設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………………26
2.2.1 起重臂基本參數(shù)計(jì)算與選用 ………………………………26
2.2.2 起重臂的形狀及主要計(jì)算參數(shù) ……………………………27
3 回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………32
3.1 回轉(zhuǎn)支承的選用……………………………………………………32
3.1.1 簡(jiǎn)介 …………………………………………………………32
3.1.2 載荷計(jì)算 ……………………………………………………32
3.1.3 阻力矩計(jì)算 …………………………………………………33
3.1.4 校核 …………………………………………………………34
3.1.5 回轉(zhuǎn)減速機(jī)輸出扭矩 ………………………………………34
3.2 回轉(zhuǎn)減速器的選用…………………………………………………35
3.3 支腿反力的計(jì)算……………………………………………………36
參考文獻(xiàn) ………………………………………………………………………37
設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié) ………………………………………………………………………38
致謝 ……………………………………………………………………………39
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